Although most stings are more painful than dangerous, in some cases the swelling they cause can cause additional problems, especially if the casualty is allergic to the toxins contains in the sting.
Treatment for stings is in most cases very straightforward, and involves relieving pain and swelling and arranging for any medical treatment that may be necessary.
If the casualty is a child you may have to calm him down before treating the actual sting. Many children are terrified at the prospect of being stung, and will be more affected by the fright of the experience than by the pain that it has caused.
Many adults also have a fear of stinging insects, and so the first part of any treatment should always be to reassure the casualty and calm him down.
Treatment
The site of the sting may be red and swollen, and will most likely be painful. If the sting is still sticking in the skin brush it off or scrape it off using the back of your fingernail, a credit card, or the blunt edge of a knife. Don't use tweezers to take it out as you could accidentally squeeze more poison into the casualty.
Put an ice pack or cold compress onto the site of the sting for at least 10 minutes and raise the affected part if possible. If the swelling or pain continues advise the casualty to see his doctor.
Life Threatening Complications
Any stings to the mouth and/or throat can be dangerous because there is a risk of the tissues in the mouth and throat swelling, which could block the airway and cause breathing problems.
Sucking on an ice cube, or an ice cream or ice lolly for children, or sipping a glass of cold water can help prevent any swelling, but if swelling does start to develop and breathing becomes more difficult the casualty should be taken to hospital immediately.
Severe Allergic Reactions
Some people are also allergic to insect bites and stings, and if they are bitten or stung it can trigger a severe reaction, knwn as anaphylaxis. If the casualty shows any sign of impaired breathing or swelling to the face, neck, tongue, mouth or lips, or shows a widespread rash, then call an ambulance.
Casualties who know they have a severe reaction to stings and bites may carry an 'epi pen' full of adrenaline, which acts to slow down the reaction and the swelling. If your casualty has one of these let them inject it themselves and get them to hospital as soon as possible. Do not give drugs you have not been trained to administer as you may cause more problems for the casualty.
If your casualty loses consciousness because of breathing problems carry out the ABC check and start resuscitation if necessary.
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